Pet Health
A Simple Guide to Your Dog's Vaccinations
Understand the difference between core and non-core (lifestyle) vaccines for your dog and why they are crucial for their long-term health.
Vaccinations are one of the most important aspects of preventative healthcare for your dog. They are a safe and effective way to protect your beloved pet from a range of serious, and sometimes fatal, diseases. Understanding which vaccines your dog needs and when they need them can feel overwhelming, but this guide will break down the essentials into core and non-core (lifestyle) vaccines to help you make informed decisions with your veterinarian.
Core Vaccines: The Non-Negotiables
Recommended for all dogs, regardless of lifestyle.
These vaccines protect against diseases that are widespread, highly contagious, and have a high mortality rate. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) considers these essential for every puppy and adult dog.
Rabies
Rabies is a fatal viral disease that affects the nervous system and is transmissible to humans. The rabies vaccine is legally required in most places.
Distemper
A severe, contagious viral disease that attacks the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.
Hepatitis (Adenovirus)
A viral infection that affects the liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and eyes.
Parvovirus
A highly contagious and often deadly virus, especially in puppies, that causes severe vomiting and diarrhea.
Parainfluenza
A virus that contributes to kennel cough.
These are often administered together in a combination shot known as the DAPP or DHPP vaccine.
Non-Core Vaccines: Lifestyle-Dependent
Recommended based on your dog's risk of exposure.
Your veterinarian will recommend these optional vaccines based on your dog's lifestyle, geographic location, and specific health risks.
Bordetella
The primary cause of kennel cough. Recommended for dogs that are frequently boarded, go to doggy daycare, or interact with many other dogs.
Leptospirosis
A bacterial disease spread through the urine of infected animals (like wildlife) that can contaminate water and soil. It can cause kidney and liver failure and is transmissible to humans.
Lyme Disease
A tick-borne illness that can cause arthritis, fever, and kidney problems. Recommended for dogs living in or traveling to areas with a high prevalence of ticks.
Canine Influenza (Dog Flu)
A respiratory infection similar to kennel cough. Recommended for dogs in social settings, especially if there's an outbreak in your area.
Work With Your Veterinarian
This guide provides a general overview, but it is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Your veterinarian is your most important partner in your dog's health. They will create a personalized vaccination schedule that is perfect for your dog's individual needs, ensuring they are protected for a long and healthy life.